FMCSA DOT Violation Codes Explained

Common roadside inspection violation codes in plain English — what each means, how serious it is, and what to verify before buying a used commercial truck.

Last updated: June 2026 · Data sources: NHTSA vPIC (live) and FMCSA public inspection records (periodic refresh).

Quick answer

FMCSA roadside violations are cited under 49 CFR codes (for example, 393.47 for brakes or 393.75 for tires). Each identifies a specific condition found during a roadside inspection. A historical violation does not prove a current defect — it tells a buyer exactly what to verify. Check whether a specific VIN has these violations with a free TruckWhere VIN lookup.

Brakes

393.47 — Brakes out of adjustment / inadequate for safe stopping 393.48 — Inoperative or defective brakes 393.45 — Brake tubing and hose — leaks or damage

Tires and wheels

393.75 — Tires — tread depth, flat, or unsafe condition 393.205 — Wheels and rims — cracks or fasteners

Lighting

393.9 — Inoperative required lamps 393.11 — Lamps and reflective devices — required equipment

Steering

393.209 — Steering wheel and steering system

Suspension

393.207 — Suspension — springs, hangers, U-bolts

Frame

393.201 — Frame — cracks or defects

Other

396.3 — Inspection, repair, and maintenance — parts and accessories 393.104 — Cargo securement — deficient devices 393.95 — Emergency equipment — fire extinguisher, warning devices

Visibility

393.60 — Windshield and glazing — damage or obstruction

Check a VIN for these violations →

Learn more

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